【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforMonitoringofSuspended-SedimentConcentrationinOpenChannelFlowUsingOpticalInstrumentation
【原文标准名称】:利用光学仪器监测明渠流量悬沙浓度的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD7512-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D19.07
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:continuousmeasurementofSSC;opticalmeasurements;sediment;sedimenttransport;streammonitoring;suspended-sedimentconcentration;suspended-sedimentload;turbidity
【摘要】:Thisguideisgeneralandintendedasaplanningguide.Tosatisfactorilymonitoraspecificsite,aninvestigatormustsometimesdesignspecificinstallationstructuresormodifythosegiveninthisguidetomeettherequirementsofthesiteinquestion.Becauseofthedynamicnatureofthesedimenttransportprocess,theextenttowhichcharacteristicssuchasmassconcentrationandparticle-sizedistributionareaccuratelyrepresentedinthemonitoringprogramdependsonthetypeofequipmentusedandmethodofcollectionoftheSSCsamplesusedtocalibratetheopticalreadings.Sedimentconcentrationishighlyvariableinbothtimeandspace.Numeroussamplesmustbecollectedandanalyzedwithproperequipmentandstandardizedmethodsfortheratingoftheopticalequipmentataparticularsite(seeGuideD4411andPracticeD3977).Allopticalequipmenthaveanupperlimitforvalidreadings,beyondwhichthemeterwillnotreadproperly,commonlyreferredtoasx201C;blackingout.x201D;IfupperrangeofSSCareexpectedtocauseopticalinstrumentblackout,thensomeothermeansshouldbedevised,suchasautomaticpumpingsamplers,tocollectsamplesduringthisperiod.SeeEdwardsandGlysson(1)andGlysson(2)forinformationoncollectionofsuspendedsedimentsamplesusingpumpingsamplers.Itshouldbenotedthatothertechnologies,suchaslasersandacousticdopplers,arealsobeingusedtomonitorSSCcontinuously.Theuserofthisguideshouldrealizethatbecausedifferenttechnologiesanddifferentmodelsofthesametechnologyofturbiditymeterscanproducesignificantlydifferentoutputsforthesameenvironmentalsample,onlyonemanufacturerandmodeloftheturbiditymetercanbeusedtodeveloptherelationshipbetweentheSSCandturbidityreadingsatasite.Ifadifferentmanufactureroradifferentmodeltypeofturbiditymeterisused,anewrelationshipwillneedtobedevelopforthesite.1.1Thisguidecoverstheequipmentandbasicproceduresforinstallation,operation,andcalibrationofopticalequipmentasasurrogateforthecontinuousdeterminationofsuspended-sedimentconcentration(SSC)inopenchannelflow.1.2Thisguideemphasizesgeneralprinciplesfortheapplicationofopticalmeasurementstobeusedtoestimatesuspended-sedimentconcentration(SSC)inwater.Onlyinafewinstancesarestep-by-stepinstructionsgiven.Continuousmonitoringisafield-basedoperation,methodsandequipmentareusuallymodifiedtosuitlocalconditions.Themodificationprocessdependsupontheoperatorskillandjudgment.1.3Thisguidecoverstheuseoftheoutputfromanopticalinstrument,suchasturbidityandsuspended-solidsmeters,torecorddatathatcanbecorrelatedwithsuspended-sedimentconcentration.Itdoesnotcovertheprocessofcollectingdataforcontinuousturbidityrecord,whichwouldrequireadditionalcalibrationoftheturbidityreadingstothemeanturbidityofthemeasurementcrosssection.Forthepurposesofthismethoditisassumedthatthedependentvariablewillbemeancross-sectionalsuspended-sedimentconcentrationdata.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesandtodeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:17_120_20
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:
基本信息
标准名称: | 语言学习系统通用技术条件 |
英文名称: | General specification for language learning systems |
中标分类: |
通信、广播 >>
广播、电视设备 >>
录制设备 |
ICS分类: |
电信、音频和视频技术 >>
电信综合
|
发布部门: | 国家技术监督局 |
发布日期: | 1993-02-20 |
实施日期: | 1993-10-01 |
首发日期: | 1993-02-20 |
作废日期: | 1900-01-01 |
主管部门: | 国家标准化管理委员会 |
归口单位: | 全国信息技术标准化技术委员会 |
起草单位: | 国家教委教学仪器所 |
出版社: | 中国标准出版社 |
出版日期: | 2004-07-24 |
页数: | 平装16开, 页数:22, 字数:38千字 |
书号: | 155066.1-9956 |
适用范围
本标准规定了有线传输的语言学习系统的技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输、贮存等内容。本标准适用于有线传输的语言学习系统,作为研究、设计、评价、生产、检验、使用、运输和贮存等方面应予共同遵守的技术依据。
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所属分类: 通信 广播 广播 电视设备 录制设备 电信 音频和视频技术 电信综合